Numbers-Chapter-24
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“Ye shall NOT ADD TO
THE WORD which I command you, NEITHER SHALL
YE DIMINISH FROM IT, that ye may keep the commandments of יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֵיכֶם - the LORD your Eloleichem, which I command you”. Davarim -
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“Numbers Chapter 24”
With Rabbi,
Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.
Introduction:
In
Numbers 24, we witness the climax of the Balaam narrative. Having failed twice
to bend the Divine will through ritual and sacrifice, Balaam finally abandons
his “enchantments” and yields entirely to the spirit of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim (God). This chapter is unique
because it moves from calculated sorcery to spontaneous, prophetic vision. We
see Israel
not through the eyes of an enemy seeking to destroy them, but through a lens of
Divine favour that highlights their
symmetry, their strength, and their ultimate role in history. It is a powerful
reminder that the integrity of the community symbolized by the orderly
arrangement of their tents is their greatest shield against external malice.
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Let us read Numbers
Chapter 24, verses 1 to 25: (JPS-1917 version of
the Torah). Below this chapter you will find my commentary for this study.
1 “And when
Balaam saw that it pleased יְהוָה - the LORD to bless Israel,
he went not, as at the other times, to meet with enchantments, but he set his
face toward the wilderness. 2 And
Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel dwelling tribe, by tribe;
and the spirit of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim came upon
him. 3 And he took up his parable, and said: ‘The
saying of Balaam the son of Beor, and the saying of
the man whose eye is opened; 4 The saying of him
who heareth the words of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim, who seeth the vision of the Almighty, fallen down, yet with
opened eyes: 5 How goodly are thy tents, O Jacob, thy
dwellings, O Israel! 6 As valleys stretched out,
as gardens by the river-side; as aloes planted of יְהוָה - the LORD, as cedars beside the waters; 7 Water
shall flow from his branches, and his seed shall be in many waters; and his
king shall be higher than Agag, and his kingdom shall
be exalted. 8 אֱלֹהִים - Elohim who
brought him forth out of Egypt
is for him like the lofty horns of the wild-ox; he shall eat up the nations
that are his adversaries, and shall break their bones in pieces, and pierce
them through with his arrows. 9 He couched, he
lay down as a lion, and as a lioness; who shall rouse him up? Blessed be every one that blesseth thee,
and cursed be every one that curseth thee’. 10 And Balak’s anger was kindled against Balaam, and
he smote his hands together; and Balak said unto
Balaam: ‘I called thee to curse mine enemies, and, behold, thou hast altogether
blessed them these three times. 11 Therefore
now flee thou to thy place; I thought to promote thee unto great honour; but,
lo, יְהוָה - the LORD hath kept thee back from honour’. 12 And
Balaam said unto Balak: ‘Spoke I not also to thy
messengers that thou didst send unto me, saying: 13 If
Balak would give me his house full of silver and
gold, I cannot go beyond the word of יְהוָה - the LORD, to do either good or bad of mine own mind; what יְהוָה - the LORD speaketh, that will I
speak? 14 And now, behold, I go unto my people;
come, and I will announce to thee what this people shall do to thy people in
the end of days’. 15 And he took up his
parable, and said: ‘The saying of Balaam the son of Beor,
and the saying of the man whose eye is opened; 16 The
saying of him who heareth the words of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim, and
knoweth the knowledge of the Most High, who seeth the
vision of the Almighty, fallen down, yet with opened eyes: 17 I
see him, but not now; I behold him, but not nigh; there shall step forth a star
out of Jacob, and a sceptre shall rise out of Israel, and shall smite through
the corners of Moab, and break down all the sons of Seth. 18 And
Edom shall be a possession, Seir also, even his enemies, shall be a possession; while Israel doeth
valiantly. 19 And out of Jacob shall one have
dominion, and shall destroy the remnant from the city. 20 And
he looked on Amalek, and took up his parable, and
said: Amalek was the first of the nations; but his
end shall come to destruction’. 21 And he looked on
the Kenite, and took up his parable, and said: Though
firm be thy dwelling-place, and though thy nest be set in the rock; 22 Nevertheless Kain shall be
wasted; How long? Asshur
shall carry thee away captive. 23 And he took
up his parable, and said: ‘Alas, who shall live after אֱלֹהִים - Elohim hath
appointed him? 24 But ships shall come from the
coast of Kittim, and
they shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber, and he also shall come to destruction’. 25 And Balaam rose up, and went and returned to his
place; and Balak also went his way”.
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Below is my Commentary
on Numbers Chapter 24:
Verses
1-4: (The
Shift to True Vision). Balaam realizes that אֱלֹהִים - Elohim intends only to bless Israel. He stops looking for omens
and simply turns his face toward the wilderness. By “setting his face toward
the wilderness”, he acknowledges the reality of the people before him
rather than trying to manipulate the supernatural. The “spirit of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim” comes upon him because he has finally silenced
his own ego.
Verses
5-9: (The
Beauty of Order - Mah Tovu). Balaam looks down and
sees Israel
dwelling tribe by tribe. The famous opening, “How goodly are thy tents, O Jacob”,
refers to the physical and moral order of the camp. The commentary here focuses
on the privacy and respect inherent in their layout tents positioned so that no
one looks directly into another’s doorway. He compares Israel to lush
gardens and cedar trees beside the water, symbols of natural, self-sustaining
growth. The lion imagery (v. 9) transitions the theme from peaceful beauty to
formidable strength; Israel
is a nation that, when “crouched” in its own land, should not be disturbed.
Verses
10-14: (The
Final Break with Balak). Balak’s
anger is a natural reaction to his failed investment. He demands Balaam flee,
but Balaam stands his ground, asserting that even a house full of silver and
gold cannot bypass the Divine word. Before leaving, Balaam offers a “parting
gift” a vision of what this people will do to Balak’s
people in the “end of days”.
Verses
15-19: (The
Star of Jacob). This is the most potent of the prophecies. Balaam sees a “star” rising out
of Jacob and a “scepter” out of Israel.
In a historical sense, this refers to the rise of an
Hebraic sovereignty and the eventual dominance over local adversaries like Moab and Edom. It describes a ruler who will
emerge with the power to unify the region under a moral and political standard.
Verses
20-25: (The
Fate of the Nations). Balaam turns his gaze to the surrounding powers, Amalek, the Kenites, and even
distant Asshur. His final words are a sober
reflection on the rise and fall of empires. He notes that while these nations
may seem secure (like a nest in a rock), they are subject to the tides of
history and Divine judgment. The chapter ends with a quiet dispersal: Balaam
returns to his place, and Balak goes his way, leaving
Israel’s
destiny untouched and ascending!
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My Closing Message:
The
transition of Balaam from a hired sorcerer to a reluctant prophet teaches us a
profound lesson about the power of truth. No amount of wealth or external
pressure can change the fundamental nature of a people who are aligned with
their higher purpose. When we maintain our internal order our “tents” with
integrity and respect for one another, the “curses” of the world naturally
transform into blessings. May we always strive to be like the cedars by the
water: deeply rooted, upright, and resilient against the winds of change!
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Rabbi,
Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.
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