Joshua-Chapter-12
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Remember the following truth from our beloved Torah!
“Ye
shall NOT ADD
TO THE WORD which I command
you, NEITHER SHALL YE DIMINISH FROM IT,
that ye may keep the commandments of יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֵיכֶם - the LORD your Eloleichem,
which I command you”. Davarim - Deuteronomy
4:2. (JPS-1917).
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With Rabbi, Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.
Introduction:
Joshua Chapter 12 serves as a formal ledger of the
Israelite conquest, transitioning the narrative from the heat of battle to the
administrative task of dividing the land. It acts as a bridge between the
military campaigns and the tribal inheritances. By listing the defeated kings,
the text provides a legal and historical record of the territory now under
Israelite control, validating the fulfillment of the promise made to the
ancestors. It distinguishes between the lands taken under the leadership of
Moses and those secured under Joshua, emphasizing the continuity of leadership
and the totality of the victory.
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Below are the verses of Joshua Chapter 12, verses 1 to 24: Whilst below the verses there is the Explanation’s and more. (The Chapter is from JPS-1917 version of the Tanakh).
Verses
1-6: “Now
these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel smote, and
possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrising,
from the valley of Arnon unto mount Hermon, and all the Arabah
eastward: Sihon king of the
Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even
unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; and the Arabah
unto the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and unto the
sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the
way to Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the
slopes of Pisgah; and the border of Og
king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who
dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei, and ruled in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites,
and half Gilead, even unto the border of Sihon king
of Heshbon. Moses the servant of יְהוָה - the LORD and the children of
Explanation: Verses 1 to 6 recount the conquests on the eastern side of the
Verses 7-8: And these are the kings of the
land whom Joshua and the children of Israel smote beyond the Jordan westward,
from Baal-gad in the valley of Lebanon even unto the bare mountain, that goeth up to Seir; and Joshua gave
it unto the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their
divisions; 8 in the hill-country, and in the Lowland,
and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the
wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
Explanation: Verses 7 & 8 provide a geographical overview of the land conquered
by Joshua on the western side of the
Verses 9-24: the king of Jericho, one; the
king of Ai, which is beside Beth-el, one; the king of
Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one; the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one; the
king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one; the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one; the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one; the
king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam,
one; the king of Makkedah, one;
the king of Beth-el, one; the king of Tappuah,
one; the king of Hepher, one; the
king of Aphek, one; the king of the Sharon,
one; the king of Madon, one; the
king of Hazor, one; the king of Shimron-meron, one; the king of Achshaph,
one; the king of Taanach, one;
the king of Megiddo, one; the king of Kedesh,
one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one; the king of Dor in the region of Dor, one; the king of Goiim in
the Gilgal, one; the king of Tirzah, one. All the kings thirty and
one”.
Explanation: Verses 9 to 24 comprise a detailed “hit list” of thirty-one kings.
Unlike previous chapters that describe long military campaigns, this section is
a succinct census of defeated city-states. Listing these kings by name and
location (from
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My Closing Message:
The significance of Chapter 12 lies in its precision. It transforms the abstract idea of “victory” into a concrete inventory of reality. By meticulously documenting every king and territory, the text ensures that future generations would understand their inheritance not as a series of fortunate events, but as a deliberate and completed transition of sovereignty. It teaches us that while the journey involves struggle, there is a time to pause, record our progress, and acknowledge the full scope of what has been achieved before moving into the next phase of building a society.
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