Genesis-Chapter-40

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Throughout this site I may use any of the following three versions of the Tanakh: 1. “Jewish Publication Society” (JPS-1917), 2“Mechon-Mamre.org (MEC), and 3. “Sefaria.org (SEF), three brilliant versions, However, the JPS-1917 is my preferred version!

Colour coded details of our beloved TaNaKh:

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Please Note: Some alterations or (additions) have been made relating to ‘Names’ and ‘Attributes’ of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim, having been corrected like it once was pre the “Masoretic Text”.

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Remember the following truth from our beloved Torah!

Ye shall NOT ADD TO THE WORD which I command you, NEITHER SHALL YE DIMINISH FROM IT, that ye may keep the commandments of יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם - the LORD your Eloleichem, which I command you”. Davarim - Deuteronomy 4:2. (JPS-1917).

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“Genesis Chapter 40”

With Rabbi, Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.

“The Dreams in the Prison”..

Introduction:
Genesis Chapter 40 finds Joseph still confined to the king's prison, yet his spiritual clarity remains undiminished. This chapter serves as the crucial link between Joseph’s hidden life as a servant and his future public role as a leader. It highlights how the gift of interpretation is not a tool for personal ambition, but a Divine responsibility to be exercised even in the darkest circumstances.

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Let us read Genesis Chapter 40, verses 1 to 23: (JPS-1917 version of the Torah). Below this chapter you will find my commentary for this study.

1 “And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the Pharaoh of Egypt and his baker offended their lord the Pharaoh of Egypt2 And Pharaoh was wroth against his two officers, against the chief of the butlers, and against the chief of the bakers. 3 And he put them in ward in the house of the captain of the guard, into the prison, the place where Joseph was bound. 4 And the captain of the guard charged Joseph to be with them, and he ministered unto them; and they continued a season in ward. 5 And they dreamed a dream both of them, each man his dream, in one night, each man according to the interpretation of his dream, the butler and the baker of the Pharaoh of Egypt, who were bound in the prison. 6 And Joseph came in unto them in the morning, and saw them, and, behold, they were sad. 7 And he asked Pharaoh’s officers that were with him in the ward of his master’s house, saying: ‘Wherefore look ye so sad to-day?’ 8 And they said unto him: ‘We have dreamed a dream, and there is none that can interpret it’. And Joseph said unto them: ‘Do not interpretations belong to God? tell it me, I pray you’. 9 And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said to him: ‘In my dream, behold, a vine was before me; 10 and in the vine were three branches; and as it was budding, its blossoms shot forth, and the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes, 11 and Pharaoh’s cup was in my hand; and I took the grapes, and pressed them into Pharaoh’s cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh’s hand’. 12 And Joseph said unto him: ‘This is the interpretation of it: the three branches are three days; 13 within yet three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head, and restore thee unto thine office; and thou shalt give Pharaoh’s cup into his hand, after the former manner when thou wast his butler. 14 But have me in thy remembrance when it shall be well with thee, and show kindness, I pray thee, unto me, and make mention of me unto Pharaoh, and bring me out of this house. 15 For indeed I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews; and here also have I done nothing that they should put me into the dungeon’. 16 When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was good, he said unto Joseph: ‘I also saw in my dream, and, behold, three baskets of white bread were on my head; 17 and in the uppermost basket there was of all manner of baked food for Pharaoh; and the birds did eat them out of the basket upon my head’. 18 And Joseph answered and said: ‘This is the interpretation thereof: the three baskets are three days; 19 within yet three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head from off thee, and shall hang thee on a tree; and the birds shall eat thy flesh from off thee’. 20 And it came to pass the third day, which was Pharaoh’s birthday, that he made a feast unto all his servants; and he lifted up the head of the chief butler and the head of the chief baker among his servants. 21 And he restored the chief butler back unto his butlership; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand. 22 But he hanged the chief baker, as Joseph had interpreted to them. 23 Yet did not the chief butler remember Joseph, but forgot him”.

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My Commentary on Verses 1 to 23:

Verses 1-4: (The Fallen Officers). Pharaoh’s chief butler and chief baker offend their lord and are placed in the same prison as Joseph. The captain of the guard appoints Joseph to minister to them. This detail reminds us that Joseph’s excellence as a servant did not falter because of his wrongful imprisonment; he continued to execute his duties with diligence.

Verses 5-8: (The Melancholy of the Unexplained). Both officers dream distinct dreams in a single night and are visibly troubled. Joseph notices their sadness, demonstrating his empathy and attentiveness to others despite his own plight. His declaration, “Do not interpretations belong to God? tell it me, I pray you,” immediately shifts the focus away from human magic to Divine sovereignty.

Verses 9-15: (The Butler’s Dream and Joseph’s Plea). The butler dreams of a vine with three branches that quickly blossoms and yields ripe grapes, which he presses into Pharaoh’s cup. Joseph interprets the three branches as three days, predicting the butler’s restoration to office. Joseph then makes a poignant, human plea to be remembered to Pharaoh, explicitly stating he was stolen from the land of the Hebrews and did nothing to merit the dungeon.

Verses 16-19: (The Baker’s Dream and its Grim Reality). Encouraged by the positive interpretation, the baker shares his dream of three baskets of white bread on his head, with birds eating out of the topmost basket. Joseph remains fearlessly honest to the Divine message, interpreting the three baskets as three days until the baker is hanged and birds eat his flesh. Joseph demonstrates that a true channel of truth cannot alter the message for the sake of comfort.

Verses 20-23: (The Birthday and the Human Forgetfulness). On the third day, Pharaoh’s birthday, the interpretations are fulfilled precisely: the butler is restored, and the baker is hanged. The chapter concludes with a sobering reflection on human nature: “Yet did not the chief butler remember Joseph, but forgot him”. Joseph is left to wait, proving that deliverance does not come through human gratitude, but on the Almighty’s precise timeline.

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My Closing Message:
Chapter 40 teaches us the profound difficulty of waiting upon the Divine will when human promises fail. Joseph did everything right, he served faithfully, interpreted truly, and showed compassion yet he was still forgotten in the dungeon. This narrative invites us to reflect on the nature of patience, showing that even when we are eclipsed by the forgetfulness of men, we are never forgotten by
יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ - the LORD our Eloheynu.

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שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם Shalom Aleichem - Peace be with you!

Rabbi, Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.

 

 

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