Deuteronomy-Chapter-21
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Remember the following truth from our
beloved Torah!
“Ye shall NOT ADD TO
THE WORD which I command you, NEITHER SHALL
YE DIMINISH FROM IT, that ye may keep the commandments of יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֵיכֶם - the LORD your Eloleichem, which I command you”. Davarim -
Deuteronomy 4:2. (JPS-1917).
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With Rabbi,
Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.
Introduction:
Deuteronomy 21 focuses on maintaining
holiness in
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Let us read
Deuteronomy Chapter 21, verses 1 to 23: (JPS-1917 version of the Torah). Below this chapter you will find my
commentary for this study.
1 “If one be found slain in the land which יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֶיךָ - the
LORD thy Eloheicha (God) giveth
thee to possess it, lying in the field, and it be not known who hath smitten
him; 2 then thy elders and thy judges shall come forth,
and they shall measure unto the cities which are round about him that is
slain. 3 And it shall be, that
the city which is nearest unto the slain man, even the elders of that city
shall take a heifer of the herd, which hath not been wrought with, and which
hath not drawn in the yoke. 4 And the elders of that
city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough valley, which may neither be
plowed nor sown, and shall break the heifer’s neck there in the valley. 5 And the priests the sons of Levi shall come near for them יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֶיךָ - the
LORD thy Eloheicha hath chosen to minister unto Him, and to bless in
the Name of יְהוָה - the LORD; and according to
their word shall every controversy and every stroke be. 6 And
all the elders of that city, who are nearest unto the slain man, shall wash
their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley. 7 And they shall speak and say: ‘Our
hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it. 8 Forgive,
O יְהוָה - LORD, Thy people
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My Commentary on Deuteronomy Chapter 21, verses 1 to 23:
Verses 1-9:
When an unknown murderer leaves a victim in the field, community elders near
the site must declare their innocence and purge the guilt by conducting a
purification ritual with a heifer in an uncultivated valley.
Verses 10-14:
A soldier desiring a beautiful captive woman must wait a month for her to
mourn, letting her shave her head and change clothes, before marriage; if
divorced, she cannot be sold as a slave.
Verses 15-17:
A husband with two wives cannot elevate the son of his favourite wife to
firstborn status, but must grant a double share of his inheritance to the
eldest son, regardless of the mother.
Verses 18-21:
Parents must bring a stubborn and rebellious son, who ignores discipline,
before the community elders for public execution to eradicate evil and maintain
social order.
Verses 22-23: Any person
executed for a capital crime and hung on a tree must be buried the same day, as
leaving a body overnight is seen as a desecration of the land given by אֱלֹהִים - Elohim, בָּרוּךְ
אֱלֹהִים - Bless Elohim!
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My Closing Message:
These laws ensure that justice is tempered
with compassion and that the community remains sanctified, respecting the
dignity of individuals. The regulations highlight a society committed to
protecting the vulnerable and upholding Divine standards, ensuring both the
victim’s memory and the land’s purity are honoured.
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