Ancient-Hebrew-Education

 

 

-hebraicstudies.net-

Please do NOT visit this site on שַׁבָּת - Shabbat or on the מוֹעֲדִים Mo’a’dim - Feasts!

Re Tanakh versions:

Throughout this site I may use any of three versions of the Tanakh: 1. “Jewish Publication Society” (JPS-1917), 2“Mechon-Mamre.org (MEC), and 3. “Sefaria.org (SEF), three brilliant versions, However, the JPS-1917 is my preferred version!

Colour coded details of our beloved TaNaKh:

1. Torah = History & Law, 2. Nevi’im = The Prophets. 3. *Ketuvim all other Writings.

*The Ketuvim - Includes, Poetical books - Psalms, Proverbs, Job, the Megillot, or Scrolls - Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations of Jeremiah, Ecclesiastes, and Esther, prophecy of Daniel, and history of Ezra, Nehemiah, and Chronicles I & II.

Please Note: Some alterations or (additions) have been made relating to ‘Names’ and ‘Attributes’ of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim, having been corrected like it once was pre the “Masoretic Text”.

YYYYYYY

Remember the following truth from our beloved Torah!

Ye shall NOT ADD TO THE WORD which I command you, NEITHER SHALL YE DIMINISH FROM IT, that ye may keep the commandments of אֱלֹהֵיכֶם יְהוָה - the LORD your Eloleichem, which I command you”. Davarim - Deuteronomy 4:2. (JPS-1917).

YYYYYYY

“Ancient-Hebrew-Education”

With Rabbi, Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.

Hebraic teaching and learning have been essential components in our tradition since the earliest times. The command to “teach your children” first appeared in Devarim (Deuteronomy) as part of what later became the Shema being the most central of our beloved prayers. References of the past is filled to schools and schooling and to teaching and learning taking place at all levels, and of course for all ages from the youngest children through adulthood. According to our method of interpreting the Torah on Bereshit, the first thing what we did having left Canaan was to establish schools. It is no accident that we Hebrews are often known as “The People of the Book”. Hebrew life is lived according to texts, commentary, and interpretation of those texts. The varied methods of teaching them include ‘instructive’, ‘experiential, argument’, and ‘discussion’. And that methodology continues to this very day.

The task of describing an educational system for anyone’s culture is difficult since cultures constantly change. It is likely that our Hebrew education underwent significant alterations during our long history. This is especially true of educational institutions, which were no doubt affected by the vicissitudes of political history. In general, education, as it was known at the time in 12th- 13th centuries B.C.E., did not remain unchanged by the time of the Maccabees (2nd-century B.C.E), who were sadly confronted with Hellenistic culture. Moreover, education was not quite uniform throughout all levels of our society.

Cultures absorb influences from other cultures. Built into the our religious system were careful ‘rituals’, ‘symbols’, and ‘systems’ intentionally created to preserve our ancient traditions, to keep it ‘pure’ and ‘untainted by outside forces’. That is, our tradition worked at keeping our original traditions. Yet at the same time, traces of other civilizations, particularly those of ‘Canaan’, ‘Egypt’, ‘Mesopotamia’, and sadly Greece, were assimilated into Hebrew educational practices.

Before the Babylonian Exile In the early period of our history, prior to the exile of 586/587 B.C.E, the primary teachers were the shevet (tribe) and the family, particularly parents, and education was focused on the children. We Hebrews are originally nomadic tribes, the training involved participation in the various agrarian occupations, such as ‘farming’, ‘tent-making’, ‘making of tools’, and ‘fishing’. Knowledge was passed from generation to generation through stories and allegories.

As the offices of Kohanim (priests) and Nevi’im (prophets) began to emerge, written literature developed from the rich repository of our tradition within the culture. As the need to be able to read became important; education began to focus on teachers who would teach ‘reading’ and ‘writing’. It was natural for priests to be considered as the teachers of the community.

Within the community, ‘prophets’ were also considered as being teachers, chosen by אֱלֹהִים יְהוָה - the LORD Elohim. They were regarded as the channel through which אֱלֹהִים - Elohim could speak. And although they were visionaries, seers of the future, prophets also served as wandering, public instructors, teaching the people the word of אֱלֹהִים - Elohim regarding matters of public and private religious concern.

Exile:

By the time Jerusalem was destroyed by the Babylonians in 586/587 B.C., the family was still the primary learning center, even during the 70 years of the Exile. Children were seen as a gift from אֱלֹהִים - Elohim, and a great amount of energy was given to educating them for the future. Parents were answerable for their children’s conduct and were the primary teachers. While both parents were responsible, the primary responsibility in the patriarchal culture was given to the father.

The holiday cycle provided many teachable moments for the young Hebraic child. ‘Pesach’, ‘Shavuot’, and ‘Sukkot’ were important teaching tools and provided opportunities for children to ask questions and to learn more and more.

During the time of the Exile, however, more formal education began to emerge. Boys were taught to read and write. Elementary education in childhood taught Hebrew boys to learn and memorize portions of the Tanach, especially the Torah. Primary education gave him a thorough knowledge of Mosaic history. Higher education was given in regard the detailed study of the Law, its practice, and its definition.

Girls were given instruction in domestic duties, such as ‘spinning’, ‘weaving’, ‘the preparation of food’, and ‘caring for children’. Women were also formally trained in such concerns as ‘midwifery’ and ‘medicine’. Other educational opportunities existed for women, especially those of the wealthier classes. There is a debate in the Mishnah on the education of women, meaning that some rabbis did consider women ‘appropriate candidates for schooling’.

Second Temple and the Revolt:

Preserving the nation through religious education became even more important after the return to Jerusalem, and an elaborate instructional system was fashioned. Priests maintained a primary educator role, in addition to their ceremonial duties and administration of the Temple. In time, however, as the Temple functions became even more complex, their functions as teachers were given over more and more to the scribes. Likewise, as the tradition strengthened in numbers and purpose, a more complex educational system developed. Where before the society’s educational needs had been served primarily by the tribe and the family, in this period education became universal for boys and men.

People of the Book:

Even though the form and content of education have changed with the demands of various times and places, it has remained a constant and powerful force in Hebraic homes, culture, and society. Whatever the time or place, education has provided a structure for passing on valued teaching and sacred tradition, and as such it must be considered one of the most fundamental building blocks of Hebrew life and faith.

YYYYYYY

Please Note: “hebraicstudies” links are located down the page!

This site was originally created, for those who desired to return to our blessed and wonderful faith. Thus be wise and work on your faith and pray at least two or three times a day (if possible) and always seek our beloved אֱלֹהִים - Elohim’s guidance, for His love is always with us, especially when we seek Him, blessed be He! However this site has become very much a teaching site with hundreds of studies!

Remember what אֱלֹהִים - Elohim, blessed be He, said the following through a number of our prophets...

Return unto Me, and I will return unto you, saith צְבָאוֹת- יְהוָה- the LORD of hosts” Mal’a’chi - Malachi 3:7. (JPS).

YYYYYYY

“Hebraic Studies” motto is as follows;

“The More Torah, the More Life”,

For Elohim is the One who gave us our ... Life!”

May the שָׁלוֹם - Shalom = Peace of צְבָאוֹת- יְהוָהthe LORD of hosts, be with you, and please always uphold our blessed שַׁבָּת - Shabbat, as well as the מוֹעֲדִים Mo’a’dim - Feasts, and continue saying your daily תְּפִלָּה - Tefeelah’s - Prayers and regular בְּרָכָה Be’ra’chah’s - blessings before food and drinks, etc!

שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם Shalom Aleichem - Peace be with you!

Rabbi, Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.

 

 

Enter ... 

http://www.hebraicstudies.net/Site-Index.htm

 

Enter ... 

https://www.hebraicstudies.net

 

 

 

 

-hebraicstudies.net-

 

 

 

Email the Rabbi

 

RBA@hebraicstudies.net

 

If the email link does not open - You can also copy the link and use it.

 

Although the author does not believe in having to copyright “Hebraic Studies” commenced in the mid 1980’,

but there have been occasions where there parts of his studies have been taken and quoted out of context

under my name, and thus he has been misquoted by those who have their own reasons for doing so.

Thus, it is only for this reason these works are fully covered under strict ...

Copyright © 2025 - “Hebraic Studies” - All rights reserved.