Leviticus-Chap-4-22-35
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Remember the following truth from our beloved Torah!
“Ye shall NOT ADD TO THE WORD which
I command you, NEITHER SHALL YE DIMINISH FROM
IT, that ye may keep the commandments of יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֵיכֶם - the LORD your Eloleichem,
which I command you”. Davarim - Deuteronomy 4:2. (JPS-1917).
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Part Two..
With Rabbi, Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.
Introduction:
In the second half of Leviticus Chapter 4, the focus shifts from the High Priest and the collective congregation to the individual. אֱלֹהִים - Elohim (God) provides specific instructions for the “Ruler” and the “Common Person”. This section reinforces that regardless of social status or political power, every individual is accountable for their unintentional errors and must personally engage in the process of seeking atonement and restoration.
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Below
is Leviticus Chapter 4: 22-35: (JPS-1917 version of the Torah). Below each verse is an explanation of the
verse above.
22. When a ruler sinneth, and doeth through error any one of all the things which יְהוָה אֱלֹה צְבָאוֹת - the LORD his Elohim hath commanded not to be done, and is guilty:
Explanation: The text addresses a “Ruler” (a tribal leader or prince). Even those in high authority are subject to the same Divine law and must acknowledge when they have unwittingly violated a commandment.
23. if his sin, wherein he hath sinned, be known to him, he shall bring for his offering a goat, a male without blemish.
Explanation: Once the ruler becomes aware of his
error, he is required to bring a male goat without blemish as his specific
offering.
24. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the goat, and kill it in the place where they kill the burnt-offering before יְהוָה - the LORD; it is a sin-offering.
Explanation: The ruler lays his hand upon the goat’s head, identifying with the animal, which is then slaughtered in the same holy place as the burnt offerings.
25. And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin-offering with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt-offering, and the remaining blood thereof shall he pour out at the base of the altar of burnt-offering.
Explanation: The priest puts the blood on the horns of the altar of burnt offering using his finger, rather than taking it inside the Tent, and pours the rest at the altar's base.
26. And all the fat thereof shall he make smoke upon the altar, as the fat of the sacrifice of peace-offerings; and the priest shall make atonement for him as concerning his sin, and he shall be forgiven.
Explanation: All the fat is burned on the altar. Through this specific ritual, the priest makes atonement for the ruler’s sin, and he is forgiven.
27. And if any one of the common people sin through error, in doing any of the things which יְהוָה - the LORD hath commanded not to be done, and be guilty:
Explanation: The law now reaches the “common people”. If any individual among the populace realizes they have unintentionally done something prohibited, they are held to the same standard of holiness.
28. if his sin, which he hath sinned, be known to him, then he shall bring for his offering a goat, a female without blemish, for his sin which he hath sinned.
Explanation: The common person is required to bring a female goat without blemish for their sin offering once the mistake is recognized.
29. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin-offering, and kill the sin-offering in the place of burnt-offering.
Explanation: Just as the leaders did, the common individual must personally lay their hand upon the head of the offering, taking ownership of the mistake before the sacrifice is made.
30. And the priest shall take of the blood thereof with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt-offering, and all the remaining blood thereof shall he pour out at the base of the altar.
Explanation: The priest applies the blood to the horns of the outer altar and pours the remainder at the base, signifying the purification of the individual’s standing.
31. And all the fat thereof shall he take away, as the fat is taken away from off the sacrifice of peace-offerings; and the priest shall make it smoke upon the altar for a sweet savour unto יְהוָה - the LORD; and the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be forgiven.
Explanation: The fat is removed and burned as a “sweet savour” unto the LORD. This indicates that the act of seeking forgiveness and returning to the right path is pleasing to אֱלֹהִים - Elohim.
32. And if he bring a lamb as his offering for a sin-offering, he shall bring it a female without blemish.
Explanation: An alternative is provided for the common person; if they choose to bring a lamb instead of a goat, it must also be a female without blemish.
33. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin-offering, and kill it for a sin-offering in the place where they kill the burnt-offering.
Explanation: The procedure remains identical for the lamb: the laying on of hands and the slaughtering in the designated holy place.
34. And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin-offering with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt-offering, and all the remaining blood thereof shall he pour out at the base of the altar.
Explanation: The priest uses the blood of the lamb to purify the horns of the altar of burnt offering, ensuring the ritual requirements are fully met for the individual.
35. And all the fat thereof shall he take away, as the fat of the lamb is taken away from the sacrifice of peace-offerings; and the priest shall make them smoke on the altar, upon the offerings of יְהוָה - the LORD made by fire; and the priest shall make atonement for him as touching his sin that he hath sinned, and he shall be forgiven.
Explanation: The fat of the lamb is burned upon the altar
offerings made by fire. By following this prescribed path, the individual is
atoned for, and the unintended sin is forgiven.
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My Closing Message:
The conclusion of Leviticus Chapter 4
demonstrates the beautiful equity of the Divine law. From the High Priest and
the King to the simplest citizen, the path to forgiveness is open to everyone.
It teaches us that while our roles in society may differ, our need for grace
and our responsibility to correct our errors are exactly the same. No one is
too high to need atonement, and no one is too low to receive it.
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