Exodus-Chap-10-1-29
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Remember the following truth from our beloved Torah!
“Ye
shall NOT ADD
TO THE WORD which I command
you, NEITHER SHALL YE DIMINISH FROM IT,
that ye may keep the commandments of יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֵיכֶם - the LORD your Eloleichem, which I command you”. Davarim -
Deuteronomy 4:2. (JPS-1917).
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With Rabbi, Dr. Reuven Ben Avraham-Goossens, PhD.
Introduction:
In Exodus 10, the struggle between Divine sovereignty and
human arrogance reaches a fever pitch. We encounter the eighth and ninth
plagues Locusts and Darkness which serve as a final warning before the ultimate
stroke. These wonders are not merely acts of nature on a grand scale; they are
precise deconstructions of
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Below are the verses from Exodus Chapter 10, verses 1 to 29: with Explanations located directly below the verses.
1. “And יְהוָה - the
LORD said unto Moses: ‘Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and
the heart of his servants, that I might show these My signs in the midst of
them; 2. and that thou mayest
tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy son’s son, what I have wrought upon
Egypt, and My signs which I have done among them; that ye may know that I am יְהוָה - the
LORD.’
Explanation: Verses 1-2: The purpose of the
plagues is revealed to be educational. אֱלֹהִים - Elohim “hardens”
Pharaoh’s heart to ensure the full weight of the signs is felt, creating a legacy
for the Israelites to tell their children and grandchildren.
3. And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him: ‘Thus
saith אֱלֹהֵי- יְהוָה- YHVH
Elo’hey (the LORD, the
God) of the Hebrews: How long wilt thou
refuse to humble thyself before Me? let My people go,
that they may serve
Explanation: Verses 3-6: Moses and Aaron
deliver the ultimatum for the eighth plague: Locusts. This is described as a
catastrophe beyond anything seen by their ancestors, threatening to consume
every green leaf left after the previous hail.
7. And Pharaoh's servants said unto him: How long shall this man be
a snare unto us? let the men go, that they may serve יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֵיהֶם - the LORD
their אֱלֹהִים -
Elohim, knowest
thou not yet that
Explanation: Verse 7: Pharaoh’s own
officials begin to break. They recognize that
8. And Moses and Aaron were brought again unto Pharaoh; and he said
unto them: ‘Go, serve אֱלֹהֵיכֶם- יְהוָה- the LORD your Eloheychem; but
who are they that shall go?’ 9. And Moses said: ‘We will go with our
young and with our old, with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks
and with our herds we will go; for we must hold a feast unto יְהוָה - the
LORD’. 10. And he said unto them: ‘So be יְהוָה - the
LORD with you, as I will let you go, and your little ones; see ye that evil is
before your face. 11. Not so; go now ye that are men, and
serve יְהוָה - the
LORD; for that is what ye desire’. And they were driven out from Pharaoh's presence.
Explanation: Verses 8-11: Pharaoh offers a
compromise: only the men may go. Moses refuses, insisting that every person young,
old, sons, and daughters and all livestock must participate in the festival.
Pharaoh drives them out in anger.
12. And יְהוָה - the
LORD said unto Moses: ‘Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the
locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of
the land, even all that the hail hath left’. 13. And
Moses stretched forth his rod over the
Explanation: Verses 12-15: At אֱלֹהִים - Elohim’s command, an east wind brings a swarm of locusts so
dense they “darken the land”. They devour every plant and fruit tree, leaving
16. Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste; and he said: ‘I
have sinned against אֱלֹהֵיכֶם- יְהוָה- the LORD your Eloheychem,
and against you.
17. Now therefore forgive, I pray thee, my sin only this once, and
entreat אֱלֹהֵיכֶם- יְהוָה- the LORD your Eloheychem,
that He may take away from me this death only’.
Explanation: Verses 16-17: Pharaoh quickly
confesses his “sin” and begs for the removal of this “death”. This is a
recurring pattern of shallow repentance under duress.
18. And he went out from Pharaoh, and entreated יְהוָה - the
LORD. 19. And the LORD turned an exceeding strong
west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea; there
remained not one locust in all the border of
Explanation: Verses 18-20: A strong west
wind carries the locusts into the
21. And יְהוָה - the
LORD said unto Moses: ‘Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be
darkness over the
Explanation: Verses 21-23: The ninth
plague, Darkness, descends without warning. It is a “darkness that can be felt”,
lasting three days. It immobilizes the Egyptians, while the Israelites have
light in their dwellings.
24. And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said: ‘Go ye, serve יְהוָה - the
LORD; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed; let your little ones also
go with you'. 25. And Moses said: ‘Thou must also give into
our hand sacrifices and burnt-offerings, that we may
sacrifice unto יְהוָה
אֱלֹהֵינוּ -
the LORD our Eloheynu. 26. Our cattle also shall go with us; there
shall not a hoof be left behind; for thereof must we take to serve יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ - the LORD our Eloheynu;
and we know not with what we must serve יְהוָה - the
LORD, until we come thither’.
Explanation: Verses 24-26: Pharaoh tries
one last negotiation: the people can go, but the flocks and herds must stay. Moses
remains firm, stating that “not a hoof shall be left behind”, as they do not
know what they will need for the sacrifice.
27. But יְהוָה - the
LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let them go.
28. And Pharaoh said unto him: ‘Get thee from me, take heed to
thyself, see my face no more; for in the day thou seest my face thou shalt die’.
29. And Moses said: ‘Thou hast spoken well; I will see thy face again
no more’”.
Explanation: Verses 27-29: The final rupture occurs. Pharaoh threatens Moses with death if he ever sees his face again. Moses agrees, prophetically stating, "You have spoken well; I will never see your face again.
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My Closing Message:
Exodus 10 teaches us that half-measures and compromises are
insufficient when pursuing true liberation. Pharaoh’s attempts to dictate how or who should
worship are met with Moses’ unwavering demand for total freedom. The plague of
Darkness, specifically, highlights the spiritual isolation of those who refuse
to see the truth, contrasted with the “light” that follows those committed to
the Divine path. As the chapter closes, the stage is set for the final Exodus,
reminding us that when we move toward freedom, we must bring our entire lives, our
families, our resources, and our future with us.
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